What type of vulnerabilities can penetration testing identify?

Penetration testing is a simulated cyber-attack against your computer system to check for exploitable vulnerabilities. It specifically focuses on identifying potential weaknesses in security systems, which include security configurations, unpatched software, and other risks that could be exploited by attackers. This process allows organizations to proactively address these weaknesses before they can be exploited in a real attack.

The nature of penetration testing means it can uncover vulnerabilities related to a wide range of factors, including but not limited to network configurations, operating systems, applications, and even personnel practices regarding security. This holistic view of the security infrastructure is what makes it an essential part of a comprehensive security strategy.

In contrast to this, other options are more limited in scope. For instance, focusing solely on software-related issues neglects the hardware, network, or procedural vulnerabilities that could also pose significant risks. Only considering vulnerabilities reported by users misses out on critical insights that can only be gained from a systematic testing approach. Finally, while it addresses many vulnerabilities, claiming that it can identify all vulnerabilities in the IT infrastructure is an overstatement, as new vulnerabilities can emerge and some may remain undetected despite thorough testing. Hence, the best answer encapsulates the essence of penetration testing, which is to identify potential weaknesses in security systems